败血症是一种威胁生命的患有器官功能障碍的疾病，是全球死亡和重症疾病的主要原因。急诊科分类过程中败血症的准确检测将允许尽早开始实验室分析，抗生素给药和其他败血症治疗方案。这项研究的目的是确定是否可以将EHR数据与最新的机器学习算法（Kate Sepsis）和临床自然语言处理一起提取和合成，以产生准确的脓毒症模型，并将Kate Sepsis与现有的败血症筛查方案进行比较爵士和QSOFA。使用来自16家参与医院的分类数据的患者遇到的患者遭遇开发了机器学习模型（Kate Sepsis）。凯特败血症，SIRS，标准筛查（具有感染源的SIRS）和QSOFA在三个设置中进行了测试。队列A是对单个站点1的医疗记录的回顾性分析。同类B是对位点1的前瞻性分析1.同伴C是对站点1的回顾性分析，并有15个地点。在所有队列中，凯特败血症的AUC为0.94-0.963，TPR为73-74.87％和3.76-7.17％FPR。标准筛选显示AUC为0.682-0.726，TPR为39.39-51.19％和2.9-6.02％FPR。 QSOFA协议的AUC为0.544-0.56，TPR为10.52-13.18％和1.22-1.68％FPR。对于严重的败血症，在所有队列中，凯特败血症的AUC为0.935-0.972，TPR为70-82.26％和4.64-8.62％FPR。对于败血性休克，在所有队列中，凯特败血症的AUC为0.96-0.981，TPR为85.71-89.66％和4.85-8.8％FPR。 SIRS，标准筛选和QSOFA表现出严重败血症和败血性休克检测的低AUC和TPR。凯特败血症在分类中提供的败血症检测性能比常用的筛查方案更好。

The monograph summarizes and analyzes the current state of development of computer and mathematical simulation and modeling, the automation of management processes, the use of information technologies in education, the design of information systems and software complexes, the development of computer telecommunication networks and technologies most areas that are united by the term Industry 4.0

In this paper, we perform an exhaustive evaluation of different representations to address the intent classification problem in a Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) setup. We benchmark three types of systems to perform the SLU intent detection task: 1) text-based, 2) lattice-based, and a novel 3) multimodal approach. Our work provides a comprehensive analysis of what could be the achievable performance of different state-of-the-art SLU systems under different circumstances, e.g., automatically- vs. manually-generated transcripts. We evaluate the systems on the publicly available SLURP spoken language resource corpus. Our results indicate that using richer forms of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) outputs allows SLU systems to improve in comparison to the 1-best setup (4% relative improvement). However, crossmodal approaches, i.e., learning from acoustic and text embeddings, obtains performance similar to the oracle setup, and a relative improvement of 18% over the 1-best configuration. Thus, crossmodal architectures represent a good alternative to overcome the limitations of working purely automatically generated textual data.

We introduce ensembles of stochastic neural networks to approximate the Bayesian posterior, combining stochastic methods such as dropout with deep ensembles. The stochastic ensembles are formulated as families of distributions and trained to approximate the Bayesian posterior with variational inference. We implement stochastic ensembles based on Monte Carlo dropout, DropConnect and a novel non-parametric version of dropout and evaluate them on a toy problem and CIFAR image classification. For CIFAR, the stochastic ensembles are quantitatively compared to published Hamiltonian Monte Carlo results for a ResNet-20 architecture. We also test the quality of the posteriors directly against Hamiltonian Monte Carlo simulations in a simplified toy model. Our results show that in a number of settings, stochastic ensembles provide more accurate posterior estimates than regular deep ensembles.

Proteins play a central role in biology from immune recognition to brain activity. While major advances in machine learning have improved our ability to predict protein structure from sequence, determining protein function from structure remains a major challenge. Here, we introduce Holographic Convolutional Neural Network (H-CNN) for proteins, which is a physically motivated machine learning approach to model amino acid preferences in protein structures. H-CNN reflects physical interactions in a protein structure and recapitulates the functional information stored in evolutionary data. H-CNN accurately predicts the impact of mutations on protein function, including stability and binding of protein complexes. Our interpretable computational model for protein structure-function maps could guide design of novel proteins with desired function.

We present a retrospective on the state of Embodied AI research. Our analysis focuses on 13 challenges presented at the Embodied AI Workshop at CVPR. These challenges are grouped into three themes: (1) visual navigation, (2) rearrangement, and (3) embodied vision-and-language. We discuss the dominant datasets within each theme, evaluation metrics for the challenges, and the performance of state-of-the-art models. We highlight commonalities between top approaches to the challenges and identify potential future directions for Embodied AI research.

Motivated by the fragility of neural network (NN) controllers in safety-critical applications, we present a data-driven framework for verifying the risk of stochastic dynamical systems with NN controllers. Given a stochastic control system, an NN controller, and a specification equipped with a notion of trace robustness (e.g., constraint functions or signal temporal logic), we collect trajectories from the system that may or may not satisfy the specification. In particular, each of the trajectories produces a robustness value that indicates how well (severely) the specification is satisfied (violated). We then compute risk metrics over these robustness values to estimate the risk that the NN controller will not satisfy the specification. We are further interested in quantifying the difference in risk between two systems, and we show how the risk estimated from a nominal system can provide an upper bound the risk of a perturbed version of the system. In particular, the tightness of this bound depends on the closeness of the systems in terms of the closeness of their system trajectories. For Lipschitz continuous and incrementally input-to-state stable systems, we show how to exactly quantify system closeness with varying degrees of conservatism, while we estimate system closeness for more general systems from data in our experiments. We demonstrate our risk verification approach on two case studies, an underwater vehicle and an F1/10 autonomous car.

我们介绍了概率等级和奖励模型（PRR），这是一个可扩展的概率模型，用于个性化的Slate建议。我们的模型允许在以下无处不在的推荐系统方案中对用户兴趣的最新估计：向用户显示了k个建议的板岩，用户最多可以选择这些K项目中的一个。推荐系统的目标是找到用户最感兴趣的K项目，以最大程度地提高用户与Slate交互的可能性。我们的贡献是表明，我们可以通过结合奖励（无论是否单击板岩，以及等级）而更有效地学习建议成功的可能性。我们的方法比仅使用奖励和仅使用等级的用户偏好方法的盗销方法更有效地学习。它还提供了与独立的逆点分数方法相似或更好的估计性能，并且更可扩展。我们的方法是在大量数据集中的速度和准确性方面的最高速度，最多100万个项目。最后，我们的方法允许快速交付由最大内部产品搜索（MIPS）提供动力的建议，使其适用于极低的延迟域，例如计算广告。

永久增加的车载汽车控制系统需要新的数字映射方法，该方法可以从适应性和鲁棒性方面提高功能，并使其更容易的在线软件更新。从许多最近的研究中可以得出结论，应用神经网络（NN）的各种方法可以是汽车控制系统设计中相关数字双（DT）工具的良好候选者，例如，用于控制器参数化和状态监测。但是，基于NN的DT对用于培训和设计的足够数据有很大的要求。在这方面，本文提出了一种方法，该方法演示了如何通过在DT框架内的半活性减震器建模来有效地处理回归任务。该方法基于时间序列增强技术的适应，以增加后者的差异。这样的解决方案提供了详细的数据工程方法的背景，以进行复杂数据库的数据准备。

生命的起源被神秘笼罩着，几乎没有生存线索，被进化竞争所掩盖。先前的评论涉及自上而下和自下而上的合成生物学的互补方法，以增强我们对生活系统的理解。在这里，我们指出这些领域之间的协同作用，尤其是自下而上的合成生物学和生命研究起源之间。我们探讨了与拥挤的细胞，其新陈代谢以及生长和分裂周期以及如何开始合并这些努力的人造细胞隔室取得的最新进展。尽管当前生活的复杂性是其最引人注目的特征之一，但人生的基本特征都不需要它，而且它们从一开始就不太可能出现因此而变得复杂。当前的研究不是通过恢复一个真正的起源而恢复真正的起源，而是通过挑出一组基本组成部分可能产生的复杂性和进化而融合了最小生命的出现。